| Issue |
BSGF - Earth Sci. Bull.
Volume 197, 2026
Recent evolution of the Mediterranean realm: Exploring the links between deep and shallow processes in a plate convergent setting
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | 11 | |
| Number of page(s) | 19 | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/bsgf/2026002 | |
| Published online | 01 May 2026 | |
- Argnani A. 1987. Gela nappe: evidence of accretionary melange in the Maghrebian foredeep of Sicily. Mem Soc Geol It 38: 419–428. [Google Scholar]
- Argnani A. 1990. The Strait of Sicily rift zone: foreland deformation related to the evolution of a back-arc basin. J Geodyn. 12: 311–331. [Google Scholar]
- Baldassini N, Di Stefano A. 2017. Stratigraphic features of the Maltese Archipelago: a synthesis. Nat Hazards 86: 203–231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2334-9 [Google Scholar]
- Bally AW. 1984. Tectogenese et sismique reflexion. Bull Soc Géol France S7-XXVI(2): 279–285. https://doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.S7-XXVI.2.279 [Google Scholar]
- Barbano MS, Castelli V, Galea P, Pirrotta C. 2021. Materials for a seismic history of the Maltese Islands. Quad Geofis 171: 1–358. https://doi.org/10.13127/qdg/171 [Google Scholar]
- Ben-Avraham Z, Lyakhovsky V, Grasso M. 1995. Simulation of collision zone segmentation in the central Mediterranean. Tectonophysics 243(1–2): 57–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(94)00191-B [Google Scholar]
- Bialik OM, Zammit R, Micallef A. 2021. Architecture and sequence stratigraphy of the Upper Coralline Limestone formation, Malta—implications for Eastern Mediterranean restriction prior to the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Depos Rec 7(2): 256–270. https://doi.org/10.1002/dep2.138 [Google Scholar]
- Boccaletti M. 1987. Transtensional tectonics in the Sicily Channel. J Struct Geol 9(7). [Google Scholar]
- Bonini M, Sani F, Antonielli B. 2012. Basin inversion and contractional reactivation of inherited normal faults: a review based on previous and new experimental models. Tectonophysics 522–523: 55–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2011.11.014 [Google Scholar]
- Bonson CG, Childs C, Walsh JJ, Schöpfer MPJ, Carboni V. 2007. Geometric and kinematic controls on the internal structure of a large normal fault in massive limestones: the Maghlaq Fault, Malta. J Struct Geol 29(2): 336–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2006.06.016 [Google Scholar]
- Bouaziz S, Barrier E, Soussi M, Turki MM, Zouari H. 2002. Tectonic evolution of the northern African margin in Tunisia from paleostress data and sedimentary record. Tectonophysics 357: 227–253. [Google Scholar]
- Bozionelos G, Galea P, D’Amico S, Agius M. 2017. Characteristics of the recent seismic activity on a near-shore fault south of Malta, Central Mediterranean. Geophys Res Abstr EGU 19: 2017–17929. [Google Scholar]
- Burgess PM, Winefield P, Minzoni M, Elders C. 2013. Methods for identification of isolated carbonate buildups from seismic reflection data. AAPG Bulletin 97(7): 1071–1098. https://doi.org/10.1306/12051212011 [Google Scholar]
- Butler R.W.H, Grasso M, La Manna F. 1992. Origin and deformation of the Neogene-Recent Maghrebian foredeep at the Gela Nappe, SE Sicily. J Geol Soc 149: 547–556. [Google Scholar]
- Butler R.W.H, Bond C.E, Robledo F. 2025. Basement Controls on Structural Evolution in Thin-Skinned Thrust Belts—Implications for Migration of Deformation Into Orogenic Forelands. Tect 44(1). https://doi.org/10.1029/2024TC008347 [Google Scholar]
- Cahuzac B, Poignant A. 1997. Essai de biozonation de l’Oligo-Miocene dans les bassins europeen a l’aide des grands foraminiferes neritique. Bull. Soc. Geol. France, 168(2): 155–169. [Google Scholar]
- Carroll FA, Hunt CO, Schembri PJ, Bonanno A. 2012. Holocene climate change, vegetation history and human impact in the Central Mediterranean: evidence from the Maltese Islands. Quat Sci Rev 52: 24–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.07.010 [Google Scholar]
- Ciarcia S, Vitale S. 2024. Orogenic evolution of the northern Calabria−southern Apennines system in the framework of the Alpine chains in the central-western Mediterranean area. Geol Soc Am Bull. https://doi.org/10.1130/B37474.1 [Google Scholar]
- Civile D, Brancolini G, Lodolo E, Forlin E, Accaino F, Zecchin M, Brancatelli G. 2021. Morphostructural setting and tectonic evolution of the central part of the Sicilian Channel (Central Mediterranean). Lithosphere 2021(1): 1–24. https://doi.org/10.2113/2021/7866771 [Google Scholar]
- Cogan J, Rigo L, Grasso M, Lerche I. 1989. Flexural tectonics of southeastern Sicily. J Geodyn 11(3): 189–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-3707(89)90007-0 [Google Scholar]
- Corti G, Cuffaro M, Doglioni C, Innocenti F, Manetti P. 2006. Coexisting geodynamic processes in the Sicily Channel. Geol Soc Am Spec Pap 409: 83–96. https://doi.org/10.1130/2006.2409(05) [Google Scholar]
- Cowie L, Kusznir N. 2012. Mapping crustal thickness and oceanic lithosphere distribution in the Eastern Mediterranean using gravity inversion. Pet Geosci 18(4): 373–380. https://doi.org/10.1144/petgeo2011-071 [Google Scholar]
- Dart CJ, Bosence DW, McClay KR. 1993. Stratigraphy and structure of the Maltese graben system. J Geol Soc London 150: 1153–1166. [Google Scholar]
- Decelles PG, Giles KA. 1996. Foreland basin systems. Basin Res 8: 105–123. [Google Scholar]
- Dewey J, Pitman W.C, Ryan W, Bonin J. 1973. Plate tectonics and the evolution of the Alpine system. Geol Soc Amer Bull 84: 3137–180. [Google Scholar]
- Dewey JF, Helman ML, Knott SD, Turco E, Hutton DHW. 1989. Kinematics of the western Mediterranean. Geol Soc Spec Publ 45: 265–283. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1989.045.01.15 [Google Scholar]
- Doglioni C. 2024. Gravitational and elastic energies stored in crustal volumes activate normal versus strike-slip and thrust seismogenic faults. Geosci Front 15(6): 101894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2024.101894 [Google Scholar]
- Dunham RJ. 1962. Classification of carbonate rocks according to depositional texture. In: Ham WE, ed. Classification of carbonate rocks—A Symposium, pp. 108–121. [Google Scholar]
- Embry AF, Klovan JE. 1971. A Late Devonian reef tract on northeastern Banks Island, Northwest Territories. Bull. Can. Petrol. Geol., 58: 730–781. [Google Scholar]
- Faccenna C, Piromallo C, Crespo-Blanc A, Jolivet L, Rossetti F. 2004. Lateral slab deformation and the origin of the western Mediterranean arcs. Tectonics 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1029/2002TC001488 [Google Scholar]
- Felix R. 1973. Oligo-Miocene stratigraphy of Malta and Gozo, Vols 73–20. Veeman Zonen. [Google Scholar]
- Finetti I. 1982. Structure, stratigraphy and evolution of the Central Mediterranean. Boll Geof Teor Appl XXIV(96): 247–312. [Google Scholar]
- Galea P. 2007. Seismic history of the Maltese Islands and considerations on seismic risk. Ann Geophys 50: 725–740. [Google Scholar]
- Gallais F, Gutscher MA, Graindorge D, Chamot-Rooke N, Klaeschen D. 2011. A Miocene tectonic inversion in the Ionian Sea (central Mediterranean): evidence from multichannel seismic data. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 116(12). https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008505 [Google Scholar]
- Gardiner W, Grasso M, Sedgeley D. 1995. Plio-Pleistocene fault movement as evidence for mega-block kinematics within the Hyblean-Malta Plateau, Central Mediterranean. J Geodyn 19(1): 5–51. [Google Scholar]
- Gatt P. 2005. Syntectonic deposition of an Oligo-Miocene phosphorite conglomerate bed in Malta. Centr Mediterr Nat 4(2): 109–118. [Google Scholar]
- Gatt P. 2007. Controls on Plio-Quaternary foreland sedimentation in the region of the Maltese Islands. Boll Soc Geol Ital 126(1): 119–129. [Google Scholar]
- Gatt P. 2012. Carbonate facies, depositional sequences and tectonostratigraphy of the Paleogene Malta Platform. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Durham, UK. https://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4425/ [Google Scholar]
- Gatt P. 2019. Evaporite dissolution sinkholes in the Dwejra Depression, Malta. Eur Geol 48: 53–57. [Google Scholar]
- Gatt P. 2022. Facies, depositional environments and drowning of Tethyan isolated carbonate platforms: the Paleogene carbonates of Malta. Facies 68(3): 9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-022-00648-1 [Google Scholar]
- Gatt P. 2025. Tectonic segmentation of the Mesozoic to Paleogene Malta Isolated Carbonate Platform: a key to rifting in the Central Mediterranean. Tectonics 44: e2025TC008902. https://doi.org/10.1029/2025TC008902 [Google Scholar]
- Gatt PA. 2006. Model of limestone weathering and damage in masonry: Sedimentological and geotechnical controls in the Globigerina Limestone Formation (Miocene) of Malta. Xjenza 11: 30–39. [Google Scholar]
- Gatt P, Tucker M, Davies R. 2009. Drowning of the Malta carbonate platform: facies and sequence stratigraphy of the Lower Coralline Limestone (U. Oligocene). In: Pascucci V, Andreucci S, eds. Sedimentary environments of Mediterranean islands. International Association of Sedimentologists, p. 181. [Google Scholar]
- Goes S, Jenny S, Hollenstein C, Kahle HG, Geiger A. 2004. A recent tectonic reorganization in the south-central Mediterranean. Earth Planet Sci Lett 226(3–4): 335–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2004.07.038 [Google Scholar]
- Grasso M, Pedley HM. 1985. The Pelagian Islands: A new geological interpretation from sedimentological and tectonic studies and its bearing on the evolution of the Central Mediterranean (Pelagian block). Geologica Rom. 24: 13–34. [Google Scholar]
- Grasso M, Reuther C-D, Baumann H, Becker A. 1986. Shallow crustal stress and neotectonic framework of the Malta platform and the southeastern Pantelleria Rift (Central Mediterranean). Geologica Rom 25: 191–212. [Google Scholar]
- Guiraud R, Bosworth W. 1999. Phanerozoic geodynamic evolution of northeastern Africa and the northwestern Arabian platform. In: Tectonophysics, Vol. 315. www.elsevier.com/locate/tecto [Google Scholar]
- Gutscher MA, Kopp H, Krastel S, Bohrmann G, Garlan T, Zaragosi S, et al. 2017. Active tectonics of the Calabrian subduction revealed by new multi-beam bathymetric data and high-resolution seismic profiles in the Ionian Sea (Central Mediterranean). Earth Planet Sci Lett 461: 61–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.12.020 [Google Scholar]
- Gutscher MA, Roger J, Baptista MA, Miranda JM, Tinti S. 2006. Source of the 1693 Catania earthquake and tsunami (southern Italy): new evidence from tsunami modeling of a locked subduction fault plane. Geophys Res Lett 33(8). https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL025442 [Google Scholar]
- Harrison JC. 1954. Gravity measurement on Malta and Tunis. Geophys J Int 6: 604–609. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1954.tb03043.x [Google Scholar]
- Hilgen FJ, Abels HA, Iaccarino S, Krijgsman W, Raffi I, Sprovieri R, et al. 2009. The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Serravallian Stage (Middle Miocene). Episodes 32(3): 152–166. https://doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/2009/v32i3/002 [Google Scholar]
- Hollenstein Ch, Kahle H‐G, Geiger A, Jenny S, Goes S, Giardini D. 2003. New GPS constraints on the Africa‐Eurasia plate boundary zone in southern Italy. Geophys Res Lett 30(18). https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL017554 [Google Scholar]
- Hsu K, Ryan W, Cita M. 1973. Late Miocene dessication of the Mediterranean. Nature 242: 240–244. [Google Scholar]
- Illies JH. 1981. Graben formation—the Maltese Islands, a case history. Tectonophysics 73: 151–168. [Google Scholar]
- INGV. 2025. https://terremoti.ingv.it/en [Google Scholar]
- Jolivet L, Faccenna C. 2000. Mediterranean extension and the Africa-Eurasia collision. Tectonics 19(6): 1095–1106. https://doi.org/10.1029/2000TC900018 [Google Scholar]
- Jongsma D, van Hinte JE, Woodside JM. 1985. Geologic structure and neotectonics of the North African continental margin south of Sicily. Mar Pet Geol 2(2): 156–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(85)90005-4 [Google Scholar]
- Jongsma D, Woodside JM, King GCP, Van Hinte JE. 1987. The Medina Wrench: a key to the kinematics of the central and eastern Mediterranean over the past 5 Ma. Earth Planet Sci Lett 82: 87–106. [Google Scholar]
- Krijgsman W, Hilgen FJ, Raffi I, Sierro FJ, Wilson DS. 1999. Chronology, causes and progression of the Messinian salinity crisis. Nature 400: 652–655. www.nature.com [Google Scholar]
- Letouzey J, Colletta B, Chermette JC. 1995. Evolution of Salt-Related Structures in Compressional Settings. In: Jackson M, Roberts DG, Snelson S, eds. Salt Tectonics: A Global Perspective. pp. 41–60. AAPG Memoir 65. https://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/memoir65/ch03/0041.htm [Google Scholar]
- Maiorana M, Artoni A, Le Breton E, Sulli A, Chizzini N, Torelli L. 2023. Is the Sicily Channel a simple Rifting Zone? New evidence from seismic analysis with geodynamic implications. Tectonophysics 864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2023.230019 [Google Scholar]
- Malinverno A, Ryan WBF. 1986. Extension in the Tyrrhenian Sea and shortening in the Apennines as result of arc migration driven by sinking of the lithosphere. Tectonics 5(2). https://doi.org/10.1029/TC005i002p00227 [Google Scholar]
- Marriner N, Gambin T, Djamali M, Morhange C, Spiteri M. 2012. Geoarchaeology of the Burmarrad ria and early Holocene human impacts in western Malta. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 339–341: 52–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.04.022 [Google Scholar]
- Martinelli M, Bistacchi A, Balsamo F, Meda M. 2019. Late Oligocene to Pliocene extension in the Maltese Islands and implications for geodynamics of the Pantelleria Rift and Pelagian Platform. Tectonics 38(9): 3394–3415. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019TC005627 [Google Scholar]
- Miller KG, Browning JV, Schmelz WJ, Kopp RE, Mountain GS, Wright JD. 2020. Cenozoic sea-level and cryospheric evolution from deep-sea geochemical and continental margin records. Sci Adv 6(20): eaaz1346. https://www.science.org [Google Scholar]
- Miller KG, Kominz MA, Browning JV, Wright JD, Mountain GS, Katz ME, et al. 2005. The phanerozoic record of global sea-level change. Science 310: 1293–1298. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1116412 [Google Scholar]
- Moody JD, Hill MJ. 1956. Wrench-fault tectonics. Geol Soc Am Bull 67(9): 1207–1246. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1956)67[1207:WT]2.0.CO;2 [Google Scholar]
- Morticelli M.G, Valenti V, Catalano R, Sulli A, Agate M, Avellone G, Albanese C, Basilone L, & Gugliotta C. 2015. Deep controls on foreland basin system evolution along the Sicilian fold and thrust belt. Bull Soc Géol France 186(5): 4–5. [Google Scholar]
- Nocquet J-M. 2012. Present-day kinematics of the Mediterranean: A comprehensive overview of GPS results. Tectonophysics 579: 220–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2012.03.037 [Google Scholar]
- Palano M, Ursino A, Spampinato S, Sparacino F, Polonia A, Gasperini L. 2020. Crustal deformation, active tectonics and seismic potential in the Sicily Channel (Central Mediterranean), along the Nubia–Eurasia plate boundary. Sci Rep 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78063-1 [Google Scholar]
- Pedley HM. 1978. A new lithostratigraphical and palaeoenvironmental interpretation for the coralline limestone formations (Miocene) of the Maltese Islands. Overseas Geol Miner Resour 54: 1–17. https://pubs.bgs.ac.uk/publications.html?pubID=B03990#f=true&v=d&z=2&n=5&i=B03990_0011.jp2&y=750&x=306 [Google Scholar]
- Pedley HM, Grasso M. 1992. Miocene syntectonic sedimentation along the western margins of the Hyblean-Malta platform: a guide to plate margin processes in the central Mediterranean. J Geodyn 15(1): 19–37. [Google Scholar]
- Pedley HM, House MR, Waugh B. 1976. The geology of Malta and Gozo. Proc Geol Assoc 87(3): 325–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7878(76)80005-3 [Google Scholar]
- Pedley HM, House MR, Waugh B. 1978. The geology of the Pelagian Block: the Maltese Islands. In: Nairn AEM, Kanes WH, Stehli FG, eds. The Ocean Basins and margins. Plenum Press, pp. 417–433. [Google Scholar]
- Pedley M. 2011. The Calabrian stage, Pleistocene highstand in Malta: a new marker for unravelling the Late Neogene and Quaternary history of the islands. J Geol Soc 168(4): 913–926. https://doi.org/10.1144/0016-76492010-080 [Google Scholar]
- Putz-Perrier MW, Sanderson DJ. 2010. Distribution of faults and extensional strain in fractured carbonates of the North Malta Graben. Am Assoc Pet Geol Bull 94(4): 435–456. https://doi.org/10.1306/08260909063 [Google Scholar]
- Ragg S, Grasso M, Müller B. 1999. Patterns of tectonic stress in Sicily from borehole breakout observations and finite element modeling. Tectonics 18(4): 669–685. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999TC900010 [Google Scholar]
- Reuther CD. 1984. Tectonics of the Maltese Islands. Centro 1: 1–20. [Google Scholar]
- Reuther C-D, Eisbacher GH. 1985. Pantelleria Rift-crustal extension in a convergent intraplate setting. Geolog Rundsch 74(3): 585–597. [Google Scholar]
- Ricou LE. 1994. La thétys reconstruite: plaques, blocs continentaux et leurs limites depuis 260 ma de l’amérique centrale à l’asie du sud-est. Geodinam Acta 7(4): 169–218. https://doi.org/10.1080/09853111.1994.11105266 [Google Scholar]
- Rosenbaum G. 2014. Geodynamics of oroclinal bending: Insights from the Mediterranean. J Geodyn 82: 5–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2014.05.002 [Google Scholar]
- Rosenbaum G, Lister GS, Duboz C. 2002. Relative motions of Africa, Iberia and Europe during Alpine orogeny. Tectonophysics 359: 117–129. www.elsevier.com/locate/tecto [Google Scholar]
- Rosenbaum G, Lister G. 2004. Formation of arcuate orogenic belts in the western Mediterranean region. In A. J. Sussman A. B. Weil (Eds.), Formation of arcuate orogenic belts in the western Mediterranean region (pp. 41–56). Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap 383. [Google Scholar]
- Roure F, Casero P, Addoum B. 2012. Alpine inversion of the North African margin and delamination of its continental lithosphere. Tectonics 31(3). https://doi.org/10.1029/2011TC002989 [Google Scholar]
- Roveri M, Flecker R, Krijgsman W, Lofi J, Lugli S, Manzi V, et al. 2014. The Messinian Salinity Crisis: Past and future of a great challenge for marine sciences. Marine Geol 352: 25–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2014.02.002 [Google Scholar]
- Rusciadelli G, Shiner P. 2018. Isolated carbonate platforms of the Mediterranean and their seismic expression—searching for a paradigm. Lead Edge 37(7): 492–501. https://doi.org/10.1190/tle37070492.1 [Google Scholar]
- Serpelloni E, Cavaliere A, Martelli L, Pintori F, Anderlini L, Borghi A, et al. 2022. Surface velocities and strain-rates in the Euro-Mediterranean region from massive GPS data processing. Front Earth Sci 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.907897 [Google Scholar]
- Serpelloni E, Vannucci G, Pondrelli S, Argnani A, Casula G, Anzidei M, et al. 2007. Kinematics of the Western Africa-Eurasia plate boundary from focal mechanisms and GPS data. Geophys J Int 169(3): 1180–1200. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03367.x [Google Scholar]
- Serra-Kiel J, Hottinger L, Esmeralda C, Drobne K, Ferrandez C, Jauhri AJ, et al. 1998. Larger formainiferal biostratigraphy of the Tethyan Paleocene and Eocene. Bull Soc Geol France 169(2): 281–299. [Google Scholar]
- Sibson RH. 1995. Selective fault reactivation during basin inversion: Potential for fluid redistribution through fault-valve action. Geolog Soc Spec Publ 88: 3–19. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.088.01.02 [Google Scholar]
- Soumaya A, Ben Ayed N, Delvaux D, Ghanmi M. 2015. Spatial variation of present-day stress field and tectonic regime in Tunisia and surroundings from formal inversion of focal mechanisms: geodynamic implications for central Mediterranean. Tectonics 34(6): 1154–1180. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015TC003895 [Google Scholar]
- Speranza F, Hernandez-Moreno C, Avellone G, Gasparo Morticelli M, Agate M, Sulli A, et al. 2018. Understanding Paleomagnetic Rotations in Sicily: Thrust Versus Strike-Slip Tectonics. Tectonics 37(4): 1138–1158. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017TC004815 [Google Scholar]
- Speranza F, Minelli L, Pignatelli A, Chiappini M. 2012. The Ionian Sea: The oldest in situ ocean fragment of the world? J Geophy Res Solid Earth 117(12). https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JB009475 [Google Scholar]
- Sulli A, Gasparo Morticelli M, Agate M, Zizzo E. 2021. Active north-vergent thrusting in the northern Sicily continental margin in the frame of the quaternary evolution of the Sicilian collisional system. Tectonophysics 802: 228717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2021.228717 [Google Scholar]
- Sylvester A. 1988. Strike-slip faults. Bull Geol Soc America 100(11): 1666–1703. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1988)100<1666:SSF>2.3.CO;2 [Google Scholar]
- Tchalenko JS. 1970. Similarities between shear zones of different magnitudes. Bull Geol Soc America 81(6): 1625–1640. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1970)81[1625:SBSZOD]2.0.CO;2 [Google Scholar]
- Tugend J, Chamot-Rooke N, Arsenikos S, Blanpied C, Frizon de Lamotte D. 2019. Geology of the Ionian Basin and margins: a key to the East Mediterranean geodynamics. Tectonics 38(8): 2668–2702. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018TC005472 [Google Scholar]
- van Dijk JP, Scheepers PJJ. 1995. Neotectonic rotations in the Calabrian Arc; implications for a Pliocene-Recent geodynamic scenario for the Central Mediterranean. Earth Sci Rev 39: 207–246. [Google Scholar]
- van Hinsbergen DJJ, Torsvik TH, Schmid SM, Maţenco LC, Maffione M, Vissers RLM, et al. 2020. Orogenic architecture of the Mediterranean region and kinematic reconstruction of its tectonic evolution since the Triassic. Gondwana Res 81: 79–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2019.07.009 [Google Scholar]
- Vossmerbaumer H. 1972. Malta: ein Beitrag zur Geologie und Geomorphologie des Zentral-Mediterranean Raumes. Wurzburger Geographisce Arbeiten 38. [Google Scholar]
- Wardell Armstrong. 1996. Mineral Resources Assessment for the Planning Authority of Malta. [Google Scholar]
- ZobackML. 1992. First- and second-order patterns of stress in the lithosphere: the world stress map project. J Geophy Res 97: 11703–11728. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub/461 [Google Scholar]
- Zwaan F, Schreurs G, Buiter SJH, Ferrer O, Reitano R, Rudolf M, et al. 2022. Analogue modelling of basin inversion: a review and future perspectives. Solid Earth 13(12): 1859–1905. https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1859-2022 [Google Scholar]
Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.
Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.
Initial download of the metrics may take a while.
