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Table 1
Mineralisation events and characteristics in the region of the Upper Rhine Graben.
| Mineralisation stage and age | Host-rock(s) | Mineralogy | Structural context | Fluid type | Min-Max Th | Salinity wt.%eq. NaCl–CaCl2 | Publication(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carboniferous | Carboniferous granites | Quartz–tourmaline | Geometrically associated with granites | H2O–NaCl, eventually CO2.CH4 | 250–350 °C | Low salinity 0–4 |
Boiron et al. (2011); Cathelineau et al. (2004); Schwinn et al. (2006); Walter et al. (2019) |
| Permian | Basement | Quartz Barite Fluorite |
Fracture infill | H2O–NaCl–KCl | (a) 150–350 °C (b) 90–150 °C |
(a) Low salinity < 10 (b) High salinity 23–27 |
Baatartsogt et al. (2007); Walter et al. (2018, 2019) |
| Triassic-Jurassic | Basement | Quartz–hematite | Fracture network in granites and gneisses in Schwarzwald basement | H2O–NaCl–KCl and H2O–NaCl–CaCl2 | 120–225 °C | (a) Low salinity 0.5–3.5 (b) High salinity 23–26 |
Bons et al. (2014); Staude et al. (2012); Walter et al. (2016, 2019) |
| Jurassic-Early Cretaceous | Basement up to the boundary between Lower/Middle Triassic sediments | Fluorite–quartz–barite–illite | Fracture network and MVT deposits | H2O–NaCl–CaCl2 | 50–180 °C | High salinity 20–28 |
Burisch et al. (2017a); Cathelineau et al. (2012); Pfaff et al. (2010); Walter et al. (2019) |
| Late Cretaceous-Paleogene | Basement and overlaying Lower Triassic sandstones | Fluorite–quartz–barite | Fracture network and MVT deposits | H2O–NaCl–CaCl2 | 50–150 °C | Varying salinities 0–20 |
Burisch et al. (2017b); Pfaff et al. (2010); Walter et al. (2016, 2017) |
| Miocene-Pliocene | Basement and overlaying Lower Triassic sandstones | Quartz–barite–fluorite–carbonates | Rhine Graben related faults | H2O–NaCl–CaCl2 | 50–150 °C | High salinity 13–18 |
Baatartsogt et al. (2007); Burisch et al. (2017a, 2017b); Walter et al. (2016) |
| Unknown age (This study) | Buntsandstein Gp. sandstones | Barite Quartz Barite Fe–Mg carbonates |
Fracture infill, and cements pervasive in sandstones matrices | H2O–NaCl HC fluids |
80–240 °C | Varying salinities 0–22 |
This study |
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