Structural map of southern France showing the relation between the Pyrénées and Gulf of Lion margin; modified from Séranne et al. (1995). Na: Narbonne; Pe: Perpignan; Mo: Montpellier; Ma: Marseille; NPFZ: North Pyrenean Faut Zone. Offshore boreholes: AGM: Agde Maritime; AUT: Autan; CAL: Calmar; CIC: Cicindelle; MIS: Mistral; SIR: Sirocco; TRA: Tramontane. Directions of Pyrenean shortening from Gaviglio and Gonzales (1987), Lacombe et al. (1992), Arthaud and Laurent (1995) and Frizon de Lamotte et al. (2002) and Oligocene extension from Arthaud et al. (1977), Hippolyte et al. (1993) and Benedicto (1996).