Structural map of Southeast France and location of the Vistrenque Basin among the many Cenozoic continental basins, modified after Benedicto (1996). AB: Alès Basin, AiB: Aix Basin, Ca: Carpentras, CG: Central Graben, GFB: Grand Faraman Basin, GN: Garrigues Nîmoises, HB: Hérault Basin, IB: Issirac Basin, Ma: Marseille, Mo: Montpellier, MB: Manosque Basin, MoB: Mormoiron Basin, Nî: Nîmes, NPFZ: North Pyrenean Fault Zone, Pe: Perpignan, RB: Roussillon Basin, SB: Sommières Basin, SCG: Saint-Chaptes Graben, t.z.: transfer fault zone, VaB: Vaccarès Basin, ViB: Vistrenque Basin. The black star indicates the position of the Priabonian northern carbonate succession at Butte Iouton (e.g., Pellat and Allard, 1895; Semmani et al., 2022).