Regional tectonics map with directions of horizontal deformations and paleostresses at different stages. Post-Variscan strike-slip motion in dark grey after Arthaud and Matte (1975); Matte (1986); Van den Dreissche and Brun (1992). Mesozoic Tethysian then Albo-Cenomanian rifting in blue arrows modified after Lemoine et al. (1986); Séranne et al. (1995); (2002); Bonijoly et al. (1996); Clerc and Lagabrielle (2014); Clerc et al. (2016); Ford and Vergès (2020); Crémadès et al. (2021). Pyrenean shortening directions in green after Arthaud and Séguret (1981); Arthaud and Laurent (1995); Séranne et al. (1995); Mascle et al. (1996); Lacombe and Jolivet (2005); Parizot et al. (2021; 2022). Oligo-Miocene extension, recent stress and deformation directions in orange arrows after Gorini et al. (1991, 1994); Séranne et al. (1995; 2002; 2021); Mascle et al. (1996); Goula et al. (1999); Séranne (1999); Mauffret et al. (2001); Rigo et al. (2015); Mazzotti et al. (2021); (Milési et al. 2020; 2022) and Parizot et al. (2021, 2022). Black dashed rectangle indicates the location of Figures 2 and 8. Geological data are extracted from the 1M-scale French Geological map (6^th edition). The Gulf of Lion geometry is based on Séranne et al. (1995); Mauffret et al. (2001) and Jolivet et al. (2020). NPFT: Northern Pyrenean Frontal Thrust, NPF: Northern Pyrenean Fault. Hotsprings of the Pyrénées are extracted from BRGM maps and memoirs (see text for references) and Taillefer et al. (2018).