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Table 4
Supporting outcrop data used to define the main facies associations and related facies model. See text, Table 2 and Figure 7 for related comments, facies association details and localities, respectively.
| Non-exhaustive records and references | Inner platform | Outer platform | Slope/basin | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Palaeoenvironmental zonation | Supratidal | Intertidal and most proximal subtidal (peritidal) | Euphotic subtidal | Euphotic to mesophotic subtidal | Oligophotic to aphotic subtidal | |||||||||
| Facies association | FA1 Emersive | FA2 Peloidal-Foraminiferal | FA3 Rudist | FA4-5 Coral and Coral-rudist gravel | FA6 Ooidal | FA7 Bioclastic | FA8–12 | |||||||
| Record overview | Rare records | Few records | Most abundant and largest records (roughly 50% of facies and palaeogeographic areas of the Peri-Vocontian platform settings) | Common records but limited in spatial distribution (roughly 4% of facies of the Peri-Vocontian platform settings) | Few records | Very abundant records | Not considered | |||||||
| Bibliographic references | Everts et al., 1995; Fouke et al., 1996; Masse et al., 2003; Fenerci-Masse et al., 2005; Richet, 2011; Léonide et al., 2012; Tendil et al., 2018 | Arnaud-Vanneau and Arnaud, 1976; Arnaud-Vanneau, 1979; Masse et al., 2003; Fenerci-Masse et al., 2005; Richet, 2011; Bastide, 2014; Tendil, 2018; Tendil et al., 2018 | Arnaud-Vanneau and Arnaud, 1976; Arnaud-Vanneau, 1980; Masse, 1992; Masse et al., 2003; Fenerci-Masse et al., 2005; Masse and Fenerci-Masse, 2008; Bastide, 2014; Tendil, 2018; Tendil et al., 2018; Frau et al., 2018 | Arnaud-Vanneau and Arnaud, 1976; Everts et al., 1995; Richet, 2011; Richet et al., 2011; Léonide et al., 2012; Bastide, 2014; Tendil, 2018; Tendil et al., 2018; Frau et al., 2018, 2021 | Arnaud-Vanneau and Arnaud, 1976; Tendil, 2018; Tendil et al., 2018 | Everts et al., 1995; Quesne, 1998; Richet, 2011; Richet et al., 2011; Léonide et al., 2012; Bastide, 2014; Tendil, 2018; Tendil et al., 2018; Ferry and Grosheny, 2019; Frau et al., 2021 | Arnaud-Vanneau and Arnaud, 1976; Richet, 2011; Richet et al., 2011; Bastide, 2014; Tendil, 2018; Tendil et al., 2018; Frau et al., 2018, 2021 | |||||||
| Areas | Vercors and Provence | Subalpine Chains (Vercors and Chartreuse), Bas-Vivarais and Provence | Subalpine Chains, Bas-Vivarais and Provence | Subalpine Chains (Vercors and Chartreuse), Bas-Vivarais and Provence | Subalpine Chains (Vercors and Chartreuse), Bas-Vivarais and Provence | Vercors, Bas-Vivarais and Provence | Vercors, Gard and Provence | |||||||
| Characteristic record | - In proximal palaeogeographic zones of the platform (Upper Barremian, G. sartousiana), emersive facies show well-known sedimentary signals of continental, beach and restricted palaeoenvironments (Marseille region, Provence; Masse et al., 2003; Fenerci-Masse et al., 2005) - In relatively distal palaeogeograhic zones of the platform top, peculiar records of subaerial exposure are interpreted (i) in the Vercors as hardground surfaces overprinted by meteoric diagenesis (Cirque d’Archiane; Everts et al., 1995; Fouke et al., 1996; Gresse-en-Vercors; Richet, 2011) and (ii) in North Provence as subaerially exposed shoals of very limited extent (100s-of-meters-scale) occurring atop rudist deposits that show keystone vugs-bearing facies within rudist-dominated successions (La Nesque and Rustrel; Léonide et al., 2012, Figs. 11 and 12) | - Reworked charophyte facies are recorded during a single interval of the Urgonian platform development; production area of the Charophytes being not recorded (Autrans, Vercors; Arnaud-Vanneau and 1976, Fig. 10, sequence BsAi; Martin-Closas et al., 2009). - Few other occurrences of peritidal facies are recorded at Gresse-en Vercors (< 2 m thick, Pas Morta section; Richet, 2011, Appendix 5), in South Provence (<1-m-thick deposits in three sections of the Marseille area; Masse et al., 2003; at the Martigues section; Tendil et al., 2018, Fig. 10; and at the Candelle section; Bastide 2014, Appendix 45), in North Provence (Fontaine-de-Vaucluse, La Nesque and Rustrel area sections, Upper Barremian) and in the Subalpine Chain (Pas du Frou section, Lower Barremian; Tendil et al., 2018; Tendil, 2018, in particular p. 70 and references therein, and Appendices). Only in Bastide (2014), peritidal facies (i.e. emersive and close to emersion facies) are not rare in the studied records from Gard-Ardèche (Barjac section, Appendix 44) and Alpilles-Lubéron-North Provence sections. | -Subalpine Chains: rudist facies association occurs from the Jura (Montanges, 10s-of-m thick; Frau et al., 2021) to the Vercors (Gorges du Nan, Grands Goulets, Gresse-en-Vercors and Vassieux area, 10s-of-m up to > 100-m-thick; Arnaud-Vanneau and Arnaud, 1976; Richet et al., 2011; Bastide, 2014; Frau et al., 2018, 2021). -Bas-Vivarais: 10s-of-m-thick accumulations of the rudist facies association occur in Upper Barremian sections between Serviers-et-Labaume (Gard) and Saint-Montant (Ardèche; Bastide, 2014; Frau et al., 2018). -Provence: 10s-of-m-thick accumulations of the rudist facies association occur in most Upper Barremian (G. sartousiana) sections from Marseille area to La Nesque and Rustrel and in most Upper Barremian (M. sarasini) sections from Saint-Chamas to La Nesque and Rustrel (Tendil et al., 2018, Figs. 10–12). | -Subalpine Chains, Vercors and Chartreuse: The coral and coral-rudist-rubble facies association occurs in sections from the Pas du Frou and Grands Goulets (Upper Barremian, sequence S3, up to 30-m-thick section; Tendil et al., 2018, Fig. 15), Gorges du Nan and Vassieux-Grand Veymond area (Arnaud-Vanneau and Arnaud, 1976), Cirque d’Archiane (Everts et al., 1995), Gresse-en-Vercors (15 and 50-m-thick log sections around the central and southern part of outcrop of sequence 2-3, respectively; Richet, 2011, Appendix 5; Richet et al., 2011, Fig. 10; Frau et al., 2021, Fig. 5). -Bas-Vivarais: m-scale and up to 20-m-thick (Serviers-et-Labaume) coral facies beds occur from Serviers-et-Labaume to Saint-Montant (Bastide, 2014, Figs. 3–8; Tendil et al., 2018, Fig. 15, Upper Barremian). -Provence: m to 10s-of-m thick log sections in Martigues, La Nesque and Rustrel areas of Upper Barremian, sequences S1-3, respectively (Tendil et al., 2018, Fig. 10; Léonide et al., 2012, Figs. 11 and 12) | -Subalpine Chains, Vercors and Chartreuse: The ooid facies association occurs at the Pas du Frou (ca. 20-m-thick bed; Upper Barremian, sequence S3, Tendil et al., 2018) and Gresse-en-Vercors (up to 25-m-thick; Richet, 2011). A unique oolitic deposit is the 15-km-wide oolitic shoal interpreted in the Vassieux area (cf. Sect. 4.1 of manuscript; Arnaud-Vanneau and Arnaud, 1976). -Bas-Vivarais: m-scale log sections from Saint-Montant (Upper Barremian-Lower Barremian, sequence S4; Tendil et al., 2018), Chames, La Baume and up to 35-m-thick log section at Pont Laval (Bastide, 2014) -Provence: log sections from Saint-Chamas to La Nesque and Rustrel areas (m-scale and up to few 10s-of-m-thick beds in Orgon in Upper Barremian sequence S1 and below; Frau et al., 2018; Tendil et al., 2018; also cf. Léonide et al., 2012) | -Vercors: absence to m-scale-thick Upper Barremian FA7 deposits from the Jura to the North Vercors (Grands Goulets; Tendil et al., 2018, Fig. 15) and up to > 100-m-thick deposits in Gresse-en-Vercors, Col de Rousset and Cirque d’Archiane/Plateau de Glandasse (South Vercors; Everts et al., 1995; Richet et al., 2011; Frau et al., 2021; also cf. Quesne, 1998; Bastide, 2014, Appendices 55–60; Ferry and Grosheny, 2019) -Bas-Vivarais: scattered m-scale and up to 10-m-thick sedimentary beds in sections from Combas to Saint-Montant (Upper Barremian; Tendil et al., 2018; also cf. Bastide, 2014, Figs. 4-4 and 4-10) -Provence: 10s-of-m-thick Upper Barremian (sequence S1) deposits occur from Orgon to La Nesque and around Rustrel area, while little records are found in the Marseille region and Saint-Chamas (Tendil, 2018, Appendices Figs. 3–8, 10, 15-16, 18; also cf. Bastide, 2014, Fig. 4-21). Few 10s-of-m Lower Aptian (sequence S4) deposits occur between Joucas and Montsalier (Tendil, 2018, Appendices Figs. 9, 12–14, 24-25; Léonide et al., 2012, Figs. 12 and 15; Tendil et al., 2018, Fig. 10; also cf. Bastide, 2014, Fig. 4-21 and 4-25) | -Vercors: up to > 100-m-thick deposits at Col de Rousset (Frau et al., 2021, Fig. 1) and Gresse-en-Vercors (Richet et al., 2011, Figs. 7-10, unit 1-2). Also cf. Arnaud-Vanneau and Arnaud, 1976; Everts et al., 1995. -Bas-Vivarais: few 10s-of-m-thick log sections at Verfeuil and Aven de l’Agas (Gard; Bastide, 2014, Appendices 6-27, sequence Ai1 sensu Arnaud-Vanneau and Arnaud, 1976) -Provence: m-scale and up to 300-m log sections from Baudinard to Simiane-la-Rotonde and from Brantes to Lagnes including exclusive offshore platform facies from Banon and Mont Ventoux northwards; in addition, m-scale and up to 10-m deposits can be found in other sections (Tendil et al., 2018, Fig. 10; Tendil, 2018, Appendices Figs. 3–27) | |||||||
| Palaeogeographic location | Proximal platform setting during the Upper Barremian, G. sartousiana ammonite zone (Cassis); distal platform-top setting (Archiane, Gresse-en-Vercors and La Nesque) | Scattered | Widespread all over the platform top | Widespread | Scattered | Widespread | Mostly toward the Peri-Vocontian setting | |||||||
| Data collection area | Archiane, Gresse-en-Vercors, La Nesque, Rustrel and Marseille region (Sausset-les-Pins and Cassis) | Scattered | -Subalpine Chains: from the Jura (Montanges) to the Vercors (Vassieux area) -Bas-Vivarais: from Combas (Gard) to Saint-Montant (Ardèche) -Provence: from the Marseille region to La Nesque and Rustrel areas | -Subalpine Chains: Vercors and Chartreuse -Bas-Vivarais: from Serviers-et-Labaume (Gard) to Saint-Montant (Ardèche) -Provence: Martiques, La Nesque and Rustrel areas | -Subalpine Chains: Vercors and Chartreuse -Bas-Vivarais: from La Baume (Gard) to Saint-Montant (Ardèche) -Provence: from Saint-Chamas to La Nesque and Rustrel areas | -Southern Vercors -Bas-Vivarais: from Combas to Saint-Montant -Provence: from Saint-Chamas to La Nesque and Banon | -Southern Vercors -Northern Gard -Northermost Provence | |||||||
| Number of data | Few lithological surfaces in few localities | Few cm-to-m-scale beds in few localities | Numerous 10s-of-m and up to > 100-m-thick log sections | Common m and 10s-of-m thick log sections | Not rare m-scale log sections | Numerous 10s-of-m and up to > 100-m-thick log sections | Numerous > 100-m-thick log sections | |||||||
| Spatial resolution (log distance) | 100s-of-m outcrop extent | Limited outcrop and log-section-correlation extent (km-scale) | Up to 80 km transects (log section correlation) and palaeogeographic mapping -Vercors: 3–15 km distance between sections (up to n = 16) over up to a 40-km transect (Arnaud-Vanneau and Arnaud, 1976; Figs. 9–12) -Bas-Vivarais: 1–10 km distance between sections (n = 13) over up to a 80-km transect (Bastide, 2014, Figs. 4.4 and 4.10; Frau et al., 2018, Fig. 19) -Provence: 1–30 km distance between sections (up to n = 17) over up to a 80-km transect (Tendil et al., Fig. 3) | Km-scale up to 20-km-large coral facies patches including 1 or 2 log sections per facies patch in palaeogeographic maps (Vercors: Vassieux-Grand Veymond and Gorge du Nan areas; Arnaud-Vanneau and Arnaud, 1976; Figs. 6, 7, 9, 10 and 12) and log correlations among and between outcrops (Provence: La Nesque and Rustrel areas; Léonide et al., 2012, Figs. 12 and 15; Tendil, 2018, Appendices; Vercors: Gresse-en Vercors; Richet, 2011, Fig. IV.7) | km-scale outcrop extent (Gresse-en Vercors; Richet, 2011, Fig. IV.7; La Nesque; Léonide et al., 2012, 2012, Fig. 12; Tendil, 2018). A unique 15-km-wide ooid accumulation facies is shown on palaeogeographic mapping without log section (cf. Sect. 4.1 of manuscript; Vercors, Vassieux area; Arnaud-Vanneau and Arnaud, 1976, Fig. 6). | -Vercors: 10-km-scale outcrop extent (Richet, 2011, Fig. IV.19) and 1–3 km distance between sections (n = 12) over a 25-km transect (Frau et al., 2021, Fig. 11) -Provence: 1–15 km distance between sections (n = 6) over up to a 40-km log correlation transect (Tendil et al., 2018, Figs. 3 and 10) | Not considered | |||||||
| Maximum thickness of “contemporaneaous strata” | < 1 m (no lithological correlation, only stratigraphic interpretation) | < 10 m (no lithological correlation, only stratigraphic interpretation) | 10s-of-m and up to > 100 m -Vercors: Gorges du Nan, Grands Goulets and Gresse-en-Vercors (Richet, 2011, Appendices 5-6; Richet et al., 2011; Bastide, 2014; Frau et al., 2018, Fig. 20, 2021). -Bas-Vivarais: Serviers-et-Labaume, Saint-Montant and Serre de Tourre (Frau et al., 2018, Fig. 19) -Provence: Cassis, Martigues and Orgon; Tendil et al., 2018, Fig. 10; Tendil, 2018, Appendix A, Figs. 3, 4 and 6) | From m-scale to few 10s-of-m -Vercors: Gorges du Nan (Bastide, 2014, Fig. 3-6; Frau et al., 2021, Fig. 2), Grands Goulets (Tendil et al., 2018, Fig. 15), Cirque d’Archiane (Evert et al., 1995, Fig. 6) and Gresse-en Vercors (Richet, 2011, Appendix 5) -Bas-Vivarais: Serviers-et-Labaume, Serre de Tourre, Pont Laval and Saint-Montant (Bastide, 2014, Fig. 3-8; Tendil et al., 2018, Fig. 15) -Provence: Martigues, La Nesque and Rustrel areas (Léonide et al., 2012, Figs. 12 and 15; Tendil et al., 2018, Fig. 10; Tendil, 2018, Appendices) | Mostly m-scale and up to few 10s-of-m -Chartreuse and Vercors: Pas du Frou (Tendil et al., 2018, Fig. 15) and Gresse-en Vercors (Richet, 2011, Appendix 3) -Bas-Vivarais: up to 35-m-thick log section at Pont Laval (Bastide, 2014) -Provence: Orgon and Gorges de La Nesque (Tendil, 2018, Appendices Figs. 6 and 18) | m-scale and 10s-of-m -Vercors: Gresse-en-Vercors, col du Rousset and Cirque d’Archiane area (Everts et al., 1995, Fig. 2; Richet, 2011, Appendice 2; Frau et al., 2021, Fig. 11) -Bas-Vivarais: from Combas to Saint-Montant (Upper Barremian; Tendil et al., 2018, Fig. 15; also cf. Bastide, 2014, Figs. 4-4 and 4-10, Lembarnes) -Provence: from Orgon to La Nesque and around Rustrel area (Upper Barremian) and between Joucas and Montsalier (Lower Aptian; Tendil, 2018, Appendices Figs. 9, 12–14, 24-25; Tendil et al., 2018, Fig. 10) | -Up to > 100-m at Gresse-en-Vercors (Richet, 2011, Appendices 2-3) -Up to 80-m at Col du Rousset (Vercors; Frau et al., 2021, Fig. 1) and Fontaine-de-Vaucluse (Provence; Tendil, 2018, Appendice Fig. 7) -25-m at Verfeuil (Gard; Bastide, 2014, Fig. 4-4) |
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