P-wave seismic tomography images centred on Upper Rhine, Bresse and Limagne Grabens (lat. 40°N to 52°N and ln. 5°W to 11.5°E, based on P-Wave model (Hosseini, 2016; Hosseini et al., 2018), A: Tomography depth-slices at depths of 20 km, 70 km and 140 km, B: Simplified map of tomography warm and cold spots. The high surface heat flow patches of Figure 3B are also reported. The lines identified with the numbers (i.e., 1, 2 and 3) represent the profiles of the sections showed in C. C: 2-D tomography cross-sections at latitude of 48, longitude of 5, and 2 diagonals passing through ECRIS rifts (cross-sections 1 and 3). The depths of the dashed lines are 410, 660, 1000 km from the surface. NAPBD: North Armorica Paris Basin Domain, RBLTZ: Rhine-Bresse-Limagne Transfer zone, NED: North ECRIS domain, SED: South ECRIS Domain.